NANOGEL AS A UNIQUE TREND OF NANO-DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

الملخص

Nanogels are known as small (20–200 nm) swollen particles made of flexible hydrophilic polymer networks that are chemically or physically cross-linked. The nanogels network makes a promising system for ideal drug delivery due to the unique characteristics of nanogels, such as high drug loading capacity, ease of preparation, stability, adjustable size, uniformity, and minimal toxicity. Additionally, nanogel has biocompatibility, high water absorption, large surface area, and stimuli responsiveness; thus, they are utilized to improve and develop drug delivery systems and target a specific site of action to enhance drug activity and decrease potential adverse effects.Nanogels are prepared by various copolymerization methods, including photolithography, micro-molding, reverse micellar, homogeneous, and membrane emulsification.Nanogel has a high loading capacity depending on the polymer used, which reduces the number of carriers needed. Furthermore, the release of drugs can be controlled at the right time and proper place in response to specific conditions, like temperature and pH.A variety of nanogel applications were introduced to treat different diseases, including cancer, skin allergy or inflammation, and Alzheimer’s disease. Moreover, nanogel can be used in gene therapy and local anesthesia. Clinical trial studies suggest the development of nanogel for co-administration of multiple drugs, increase targeting, decrease systemic cytotoxicity of cancer medicines, and increase the efficacy of many drugs.The limitations of hydrogels served as the reason to fabricate nanoparticles hydrogels (nanogels) as new advanced DDS. The swelling and deswelling of nanogel controlled the loading and release of drugs in response to certain stimuli.